X-linked Ectodermal Dysplasia

c.910-1G>A

Genetic Disease/Disorder

X-linked Ectodermal Dysplasia Symptoms include: symmetrical hairlessness on the forehead and over the pelvic area, infection behind closed eye lids in neonates, large number of missing teeth, canine teeth are thinner than normal and pointed outward, remaining teeth are cone-shaped, also reduced or absent sweat glands and tear production, frequent nose and eye discharge is common as well as damage to corneas. Age of onset from birth, with problems progressing with age and development. Dogs are more susceptible to pulmonary infectious disease than normal dogs.

Affected animals are born with symmetrical hairlessness on the forehead and over the dorsal pelvic area. There is often a history of ophthalmia neonatorum (infection behind closed eye lids in neonates). Affected animals have absent or abnormal secondary hairs (Casal et al., 2005, Mauldin et al., 2009). A large number of teeth are missing. Premolars are rarely present and canines, when present, are thinner than normal and pointed outward. Teeth that are present are conically shaped. Most notably molars and incisors, when present, are misshapen and small (Lewis et al., 2010). Signs also include absent sweat glands, decreased tear production, decreased mucociliary clearance in the respiratory tract and symmetrical hypotrichosis. Affected dogs are more susceptible to pulmonary infectious disease than normal dogs. Chronic nasal and ocular discharge are common, as are corneal ulcerations (Casal et al., 2005, Casal et al., 2007, Mauldin et al., 2009). (From OMIA)

Casal, ML., Mauldin, EA., Ryan, S., Scheidt, JL., Kennedy, J., Moore, PF., Felsburg, PJ. : Frequent respiratory tract infections in the canine model of X-linked ectodermal dysplasia are not caused by an immune deficiency. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 107:95-104, 2005. Pubmed reference: 15946744. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2005.04.005.