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Assessment of welfare and brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome signs in young, breeding age French Bulldogs and Pugs, using owner questionnaire, physical examination and walk tests Authors: Aromaa, M; Lilja-Maula, L; Rajamäki, MM Source: Animal Welfare, Volume 28, Number 3, August 2019, pp. 287-298(12) Publisher: Universities Federation for Animal Welfare DOI: https://doi.org/10.7120/09627286.28.3.287 https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/ufaw/aw/2019/00000028/00000003/art00005# (Internal) Assessment of welfare and brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome signs in young, breeding age French Bulldogs and Pugs, using owner questionnaire, physical examination and walk tests.pdf Study based on Finnish data... Publication date: August 1, 2019 BOAS signs limit the daily activities of dogs - walk tests performance appears to be a more accurate reflection of tested dog's exercise tolerance than owner's perceptions. Excerpts... "Only four out of 95 French Bulldog and Pug owners reported that the BOAS signs limited the daily activities of their dogs. However, according to the physical, examination-based veterinary BOAS grading, 31/95 of the dogs had moderate to severe BOAS signs. In both breeds, the more severely affected dogs performed both exercise tests more poorly than those with no or mild BOAS signs. The longer exercise, namely the 1,000-m test, seemed slightly better able at differentiating between affected dogs and less affected ones. The results of this study further support the use of exercise tests as an important part of the breeding selection in French Bulldogs and Pugs. By influencing the breed standards set by Kennel Clubs and by using breeding selection tools, the harmful impacts of brachycephaly can be diminished." "By combining information from the physical BOAS assessment, namely the functional BOAS scale, nostril stenosis and exercise capacity, the breeder has the opportunity to make responsible breeding decisions related to BOAS."
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2019 - UK - February 4th from The Kennel Club And Cambridge We are thrilled to read news about a Scheme launched to improve health of French Bulldogs, Pugs and Bulldogs... "A new screening scheme aims to provide breeders of French Bulldogs, Pugs and Bulldogs with more information about the health of their dogs, helping them reduce the risk of breeding puppies with potentially serious breathing problems." See more on the scheme at The University of Cambridge and The Kennel Club's website... -
Breed Standards-Part or All of the Problem?
Kelly Arthur posted a blog entry in IPFD Student Blog: Kelly Arthur
Veterinary school has started back up again but my interest in tough questions pertaining to the health and welfare of breeding dogs still remain... Deleterious traits exist in mixed breed, purebred, pedigree, and unknown origin dogs. Often with pedigree dogs, breed standards are frequently blamed for the existence of deleterious traits in breeding dogs. As this Wall Street Journal video states, there are traits of certain breeds, such as the bulldog, that lead to poor health outcomes. At the end they mention that revisions to breed standards may include how color can negatively impact a dog’s welfare. “A genetic assessment of the English bulldog” by Niels Peterson revealed that bulldogs have low genetic diversity and has brought about much discussion on the welfare of the breed. An opinion piece by David Sargan at the University of Cambridge suggests the “best way of breeding back to a less extreme skull shape would be to introduce dogs from outside the current breed registers.” The question then becomes, do traits like color or others, such as the degree of brachycephaly, have more of a welfare impact? Are breed standards to blame? What else influences a breed’s health and welfare? In addition, how do we categorize which changes would make more of an impact? Should it be based on animal’s affected or severity of disease? -
Internationaler Klub für Französische Bulldoggen e.V. (IKFB) feature article and video; breeding soundness tests - French Bulldogs -
Smithsonian Magazine - The Evolution of Petface
Dave St. Louis posted a article in IPFD in the Media
IPFD CEO Dr. Brenda Bonnett is among the experts featured in a new Smithsonian Magazine article examining how traits that make brachycephalic dogs adorable also threaten their health and well-being. -
DogWellNet.com Digest: Issue #14 - 23 January 2018
Dave St. Louis posted a article in DogWellNet.com Digest
In This Issue: News & Highlights A Look Ahead: IPFD and DogWellNet.com in 2018 Helpful Hint Stay Informed! -
In 2017 stakeholders involved with management of health in the Brachycephalic breeds were engaged in an ongoing dialog. Addressing the growing popularity of breeds like the Pug, French Bulldog and Bulldog in the UK is reflected in the Brachycephalic Working Group's (BWG) framework for a partnership approach to improving brachycephalic dog health and welfare. Quote from the BWG... "In recent years, the popularity of some brachycephalic breeds has risen hugely in the UK, to the point where the high demand for some brachycephalic breeds has imposed further welfare problems around poor quality breeding practices and both legal and illegal importation of puppies to supply a booming UK market for these dogs. Realisation by owners of the reality of owning one of these breeds, along with waning novelty value often means that these dogs are relinquished to recue centres which further fuels a growing welfare concern. This complex phenomenon involving inherent health issues of individual dogs, welfare issues around high-volume breeding and importation practices, and high levels of relinquishment have conspired to create a brachycephalic welfare issue that is now recognised as one of the most pressing welfare issues for dogs in the UK." UK-KC Registrations for 3 Top Twenty Breeds The Kennel Club registrations sources: Top 20 Breed Registrations - - 2013-2014 Top 20 Breed Registrations - - 2015-2016 Key issues on Brachycephalic health have been featured over the past several years in veterinary journals and in the mainstream Press, on Facebook pages, and in educational articles, presentations and materials on the UK Kennel Club's and UK Breed Club's websites. In March of 2017 The Kennel Club launched a Learning Resource for Health Concerns in Brachycephalic Breeds. In December of 2017 a Kennel Club Press Release addressed Brachycephalic welfare. Welfare crisis looms for flat faced dog breeds commonly used in advertising -
Exploration of coat color in the English Bulldog. The discussion includes an exploration of coat colors that are deemed acceptable under the breed standards for this breed and other breeds. Many thanks to our content partner Hélène Denis -- Club du Bulldog Anglais for sharing this content with the DWN community. Please find below links to two versions of the article - the original French version and and English translation. The article is written by Professor Bernard Denis – a well-known specialist of colors in dogs - who offers his opinion on the matter of coat color and the exotic colors. This is the article will be published in the “CLUB DU BULLDOG France” magazine. -
Authors: Nai-Chieh Liu 1, Eileen L. Troconis 1, Lajos Kalmar 1, David J. Price 1, Hattie E. Wright 1, Vicki J. Adams 2, David R. Sargan 1, Jane F. Ladlow 1 *1 Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom, 2 Vet Epi, Mildenhall, Suffolk, United Kingdom Read the paper at: http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0181928 PDF: http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0181928&type=printable -
"Following the Swedish Kennel Club (SKK) Symposium on Brachycephalic Dogs in February 2016, the SKK issued a press release describing the background, current and future actions related to brachycephalics. See article and press release on DogWellNet.com. Included in that report was a statement on the breeding of brachycephalic dogs and strategies to improve the health status. It was indicated that actions must be taken with cooperation across many stakeholder groups." Here we provide links to information posted by the Norwegian Kennel Club and The Finnish Pug Club on approaches to and initiatives for management of health and welfare in brachycephalic breeds. The Swedish, Finnish and Norwegian Kennel Clubs are part of The Nordic Kennel Union. -
BBC's Science and Environment's latest article "English Bulldog health problems prompt cross-breeding call" by Paul Rincon brings to light a recent study, "A genetic assessment of the English bulldog".