Standards, Health and Genetics in Dogs - Chapter 1- Two standards for one breed?, by Anne-Marie Class (France) 1.0.0

Anne-Marie Class elaborates on the breed standards offering an in depth analysis of the construct and development of F.C.I., British and AKC breed standards for the Mastiff and Golden Retriever.

Considering the fact that there are differences in the words used in written breed standards, Anne-Marie's  examination of the  the impact these differences in Breed Standards have on the look of these two breeds managed by Kennel and Breed Clubs operating on different continents provides food for thought. 

"This essay is an opportunity to reflect on standards, on their possible and desirable variability and on the necessity for these standards to give precise details."

Abstract - The basic question is, "what is a standard?"