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Get a GRIHP! on Welsh Corgis

By DWN Staff
Published

Table of Contents

 

Breeds Overview - 'In a nutshell'

  • Welsh Corgis include the Pembroke Welsh Corgi and the Cardigan Welsh Corgi
  • Herding Breeds (cattle/livestock - considered as heelers/drovers, watch dogs) – are devoted to their family
  • Generally speaking, healthy – lifespans > 10 -15 years
  • Health screening is done; for health management – the number of clinically affected dogs is low for many of the conditions for which tests are available.
  • Both breeds are Chondroplastic (dwarf)
  • Conformation – short-legged, long backs - there are conformation/phenotypic differences between the 2 breeds.

What do caretakers of Corgis need to know?

These breeds are intelligent and athletic - weight management, regular daily exercise and early socialization and training are of importance. Skeletal health conditions (spine and joint issues) can impact quality of life. Originally bred as tractable working/herding dogs appropriate handling of their energy level and managing herding tendencies can be challenging.

Population Statistics for Corgis - the Trends

The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is the more popular of the 2 Corgi breeds - in US, increasingly popular year over year for the past decade, the breed reached the #10 AKC ranking in 2019. The population in EU countries has been steadily rising over the past several years as well. With the surging popularity of Designer breeds over the past decade, the Pembroke has been crossbred with numerous other breeds (Dorgi, Cosenji, Borgi, Cojack, etc..). Recognizing health and character/temperament concerns inherent in breeds that are used to create the Designer breeds is essential to ensure inherited traits of a deleterious or problematic nature are not produced in offspring.    lgcorgiregistrations-img.png

The Cardigan Welsh Corgi shows a low population size in EU – considered as  “Vulnerable” (<300 annual registrations) by UK-KC) - ranked #66 by AKC in 2019. See Registrations data for several EU countries...

Table: Registrations: source: https://jalostus.kennelliitto.fi/RotuPDF.ashx?R=38&T=2 -  Iso-Britainnia = UK, Ruotsi = Sweden, Norja = Norway, Tanska = Denmark, Puola = Poland, Suomi = Finland >>>>>>>>>>>>>>

 

 

 

Corgis - Disease Conditions and Health Strategies

 

Pembroke Welsh Corgi - Conformation, Distinguishing informationwelsh-corgi-pembroke.png

  • Short tails/cropped (where docking is allowed)
  • Smaller than the Cardigan
  • Descended from the Nordic Spitz breeds


 

Health Testing Recommendations and Requirements for Pembrokes

The table below represents an overview of the focus, management strategies and approaches to health testing protocols for this breed which are available from several Kennel and Pembroke Welsh Corgi Breed Clubs, i.e. US, UK, Sweden, Finland, Denmark*... Testing for conditions may be recommended, required for registration, and/or acknowledged as present in individual dogs or as more or less prevalent in some family lines - management of health testing in populations can vary from country to country. The "All strategies" designation indicates broad agreement among breed managers on performing testing for the condition. Recognition of the value of performing a given test in the All Strategies designation may not reflect the incidence of or clinical impacts for the condition within a breed.

* A word on Health & Breeding Strategies... See references below for a list of Breeding strategy document links.

Documentation including breeding strategies, health surveys and links to Pembroke Breed clubs are available on the PWC page in our Pedigree Dogs Database. We encourage anyone with an interest in Pembrokes to visit the Breed Club websites to access information relevant to understanding breed characteristics (Breed Standards, Illustrated Standards) and educational content related to health and welfare management.

Available Tests Breeding Strategy – Comments
Hip evaluation
All strategies (Hip ratings of tested dogs generally speaking fall into OFA's good-fair range/EU scheme's B-C range.)
Eye Evaluation
All Strategies
DNA – PRA (rcd3) (gPRA)
All strategies/coupled with Eye Evaluation. Of concern in management of breed in all countries/tested as affected % is low.
Obesity/diabetes
Obesity is a concern in management of breed in all countries/diabetes ancillary.
Elbow Evaluation
Testing is conducted in multiple countries/Clinical symptom evaluations
Shoulders, patellas
Testing is conducted in multiple countries/Clinical symptom evaluations
Spinal Evaluation
Testing is conducted in multiple countries/Clinical symptom evaluations
Reproduction
Of concern in management of breed in all countries; bitch conformation, dystocia, fertility in females and males
Urinary
Mentioned in Swedish population (Agria), UK health survey
DNA – Chondrodystrophy (Type 1 IVDD)
??? - newer test.  # of evaluations – unknown/breed tendency to develop spinal issues due to conformation/weight & conditioning mismanagement
DNA – Coat Color/Type
Red, sable, fawn, or black and tan – dilutes an issue; 'fluffy' coats exist-serious fault/conformation showing
DNA – Degenerative Myelopathy
US – testing is done - stats available at OFA. Position of non-US clubs: onset and disease development need further study – populations other than US may not be significantly affected. General advice: Test if condition is evident/present in pedigree. FOR ANALYSIS SEE: PWCCA: Article: Degenerative Myelopathy: Jerold Bell: http://pwcca.org/about-pembrokes/canine-degenerative-myelopathy-and-genetic-testing-in-pwcs/
DNA – vWD
Testing done/multiple countries
DNA – Exercise Induced Collapse (EIC)
Awareness of condition in multiple countries, some testing done
 
 
 
 

NOTE: Tests and Health matters

Epilepsy, Hypothyroidism, Digestive Issues, Auto-immune issues, Heart murmur, Dentition issues (tooth loss) as well as cancers are topics present in multiple countries' club health information on the Corgi breeds. The prevalence and/or clinical expression of these conditions appears to be rare in the breeds (based on available data). Important: behaviour and temperament are strong breeding selection criteria.   

 

 

 

Cardigan Welsh Corgi - Conformation - Distinguishing Informationcardigan-welsh-corgi-800x800-fci38.png

  • Larger than the Cardigan
  • Long tails/not cropped
  • Larger, longer in back/more waist definition, smaller eye than Pembroke
  • Rounded ear tip
  • Descended from the German Teckel (Dachshund) - theory

 

 

 

Health Testing Recommendations and Requirements for Cardigans

The table below represents an overview of the focus, management strategies and approaches to health testing protocols for this breed which are available from several Kennel and Cardigan Welsh Corgi Breed Clubs, i.e. US, UK, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Norway, France*... Testing for conditions may be recommended, required for registration, and/or acknowledged as present in individual dogs or as more or less prevalent in some family lines - management of health testing in populations can vary from country to country. The "All strategies" designation indicates broad agreement on performing testing for the condition. Recognition of the value of performing a given test in the All Strategies designation may not reflect the incidence of or clinical impacts for the condition within a breed.

*A word on Health & Breeding Strategies... See references below for a list of Health & Breeding strategy document links.

Documentation including breeding strategies, health surveys and links to Pembroke Breed clubs are available on the CWC page in our Pedigree Dogs Database. We encourage anyone with an interest in Cardigans to visit the Breed Club websites to access information relevant to understanding breed characteristics (Breed Standards, Illustrated Standards) and educational content related to health and welfare management.

 

Available Tests Breeding Strategy – Comments
Hip evaluation
All strategies (Hip ratings of tested dogs generally speaking fall into OFA's good-fair range/EU scheme's B-C range.)
Eye Evaluation
All Strategies
DNA – PRA (rcd3) (gPRA)
All strategies/coupled with Eye Evaluation. Of concern in management of breed in all countries/tested as affected % is low
Obesity / diabetes
Obesity is a concern in management of breed in all countries/diabetes ancillary
Elbow Evaluation
Testing is conducted in multiple countries/Clinical symptom evaluations
Shoulders, patellas
Testing is conducted in multiple countries/Clinical symptom evaluations
Spinal Evaluation
Testing is conducted in multiple countries/Clinical symptom evaluations; mentioned in Swedish Agria BP and OFA Health Survey - IVDD/spondylosis/vertebral anomalies
Reproduction
Narrow breeding base: Global Population Management necessary. Whelping difficulties/Cesarean Sections mentioned as issue to track.
Urinary
 Mentioned in Swedish Agria BP, OFA Health Survey
DNA – Chondrodystrophy (Type 1 IVDD)
??? - newer test.  # of evaluations – unknown/breed tendency to develop spinal issues due to conformation/weight & conditioning mismanagement
DNA – Coat Color/Type
Black & White; Blue Merle & White; Brindle & White; Red & White; Sable & White. Dilutes an issue; 'fluffy' coats exist-serious fault/conformation showing
DNA – Degenerative Myelopathy
US – testing is done - stats are available at OFA. Position of non-US clubs: onset and disease development need further study – populations other than US may not be significantly affected. General advice: Test if condition is evident/present in pedigree. FOR ANALYSIS SEE: CWCCA: Article: https://cardigancorgis.com/cwcca/breed/health/dm/
DNA – vWD
few tests in US/notes indicate unknown # of affected - sporadic incidence
DNA – Exercise Induced Collapse (EIC)
Evidence of EIC in Pembrokes, testing not common practice in Cardigan breed.
 
 
 
 

NOTE: Tests and Health matters

Epilepsy, Hypothyroidism, Digestive Issues, Auto-immune issues, Heart murmur, Dentition issues (tooth loss) as well as cancers are topics present in multiple countries' club health information on the Corgi breeds. The prevalence and/or clinical expression of these conditions appears to be rare in the breeds (based on available data). Important: behaviour and temperament are strong breeding selection criteria.   

 

 

Key Health Concerns for Welsh Corgis

agria logo 2020.pngBelow we are offering data analysis from Swedish Agria Breed Profiles - 2011-2016 on 1.7 million dog-years-at-risk for all breeds and >2,500 for the Corgis. You can read more about the Breed Profiles and how they are used by breed clubs to in development of breed health strategies HERE.

The Agria data (Veterinary Care Events) indicates...locomotor issues exist in Corgis... 

Among 203 breeds, Corgis ranked: 8th highest for Hip; 17th for Elbow; 35th for Unspecified / Various, and 41st for Spinal diagnosis. All these can be aggravated by weight/obesity, an important concern in these dogs.

corgi-locomotor-various-spinal-hip-femur-pelvis-elbow.png

 

Veterinary Care - overall reasonably healthy breeds!                            

  •  Most Common:  Digestive, Locomotor                        
  •  Highest Risk:  Locomotor, Lower urinary tract, cystitis, voiding problems.;                        
  • Causes of death - most common and highest risk, Locomotor.  

 

Morbidity Rate Corgis 2011-2016 from Swedish insurance data (Number of dogs with at least one VCE per 10,000 years-at-risk)

MOST COMMON

corgi-common condition ABP11-16.png

   

Relative Risk Corgis 2011-2016 from Swedish insurance data (Number of dogs with at least one VCE per 10,000 years-at-risk)

HIGHEST RISK

corgi relative risk ABP11-16.png

 

PDF version Most Common - Highest Risk

VC-Corgi-Agria 2011-16 Most Common - Highest Risk.pdf


   

When we look at the two Corgi breeds - their appearance, their original purpose and development we can compare the Corgis to... All Breeds, other herding breeds and dachshunds... Data from the 2011-2016 Agria Breed Profiles...

 

 

corgi-overall-other breeds.png

 

References and Databases

DogWellNet Corgi Resources

DogwellNet Pedigree Dogs Database

Genetic Tests (HGTD)

PEMBROKE Welsh Corgi: Health/Breeding Strategy Documents and Links:

Health Surveys

 

CARDIGAN Welsh Corgi: Health/Breeding Strategy Documents and Links:


Health Surveys

 

Note: IPFD cannot be held responsible for inaccurate content or any outcome from the use of information or resources found on this site.

Listing in the HGTD Database does not represent an accreditation or endorsement of any Genetic Test Provider.
The Overviews of Breeding and Health Strategies, collected lists of tests and health information for these breeds presented herein do not represent an endorsement of any Breeding or Health management strategy.

 

IPFD and The World Small Animal Veterinary Association

See our series of Meet the Breed articles in the WSAVA Bulletin and associated Get a GRIHP! Articles on DogWellNet.com:

Get a GRIHP! Articles on DogWellNet.com:

  1. Welsh Corgi
  2. Dachshund
  3. French Bulldog
  4. Australian Shepherd
  5. Saluki
  6. Golden Retriever
  7. Bernese Mountain Dog
  8. Black Russian Terrier
  9. Pug
  10. Finnish Spitz
  11. Rhodesian Ridgeback
  12. Rottweiler
  13. Whippet
  14. Belgian Shepherd
  15. English Bulldog
  16. Irish Soft Coated Wheaten Terrier
  17. Dalmatian
  18. Border Terrier
  19. Staffordshire Bull Terrier
  20. Siberian Husky
  21. Dobermann
  22. Shih Tzu
  23. English Setter
  24. Beagle
  25. Chihuahua

 

 

 

cardigan-welsh-corgi-to-WSAVA.pngcorgis-pups-to-WSAVA.pngpembroke-welsh-corgi-to WSAVA.pngCardi-boys---M.-Weiskopf.pngpembroke-welsh-corgi2.png

 

 

 

 

  • Report
    • https://dogwellnet.com/content/health-and-breeding/breeds/breed-specific-health-reports/get-a-grihp-on-welsh-corgis-r692/
    https://dogwellnet.com/content/health-and-breeding/breeds/breed-specific-health-reports/get-a-grihp-on-welsh-corgis-r692/

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